非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词，是学习的难点，也是考查的重点。本文结合近年最新高考试题，对其用法进行分类点拨如下：

一、不定式

考点1：不定式的句法功能

【考例1】-The last one ______ pays the meal.

-Agreed! (NMET2007全国I)

A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving

解析：答案C。本题考查不定式作后置定语。

【考例2】He hurried to the booking office only _________that all the tickets had been sold out.（NMET2006陕西）

A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD .told

解析：答案B。本题考查不定式作结果状语。

【考例3】There is nothing more I can try _______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. (NMET2007上海)

A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade

解析：答案D。本题考查不定式作宾语。

点拨：不定式具有名词的特征，可以作主语或宾语；具有形容词的特征，可以作表语、定语或补足语；具有副词的特征，可以作状语。

考点2：不定式的时态和语态

【考例1】When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _______ for a space flight. (NMET2007江西)

A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained

解析：答案D。本题考查不定式的被动语态。

【考例2】The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. (NMET2007辽宁)

A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to break

解析：答案C。本题考查不定式的完成时态。

点拨：不定式具有时态和语态的变化，时态分为三类：一般式、完成式、进行式；语态分为：主动语态和被动语态。

考点 3 ：不定式的省略

【考例】In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _______. (NMET2007安徽)

A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be

解析：答案A。假如不定式符号to之后的动词原形是be 或have时，在省略句中通常要保留be 和have，但随后的成分仍可省略。

点拨：不定式的省略我们分为两种，一种是假如句子前面已经出现过同样的动词，为了避免重复，句子后面的不定式常省去动词原形，只留下不定式符号to；另一种则是当两个带 to的不定式由and 或or 连接时，第二个不定式符号to通常可以省略。

二、过去分词

考点1：过去分词作状语

【考例】______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. (NMET2007浙江)

A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven

解析：答案A。

点拨：过去分词做状语时，其逻辑主语常为句子的主语，它们之间是被动关系；逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致；假如与句子的主语不一致，那么分词就要有自己的逻辑主语，且要用独立主格结构来表示。

考点2：过去分词作定语

【考例】“Things ______ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to my self. (NMET2007湖南)

?A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost

解析：答案A。