同步备课
Unit 8 Book Three
长春 万晴蜓
1.I mean we have to put up the lights and Christmas balls.(Lesson 29)/Some people even put up stockings for their pets as well.(Lesson 30) 我的意思是我们得把彩灯和圣诞彩球挂上。/有些人甚至还为他们的宠物挂上长筒袜。
put up意思是“挂起；举起”。例如：
As the wind got favorable,the crew put up the sails.顺风了，船员们扬起了风帆。
Would you help me to put the shelf up? I can't do it by myself. 你能帮我把这个架子抬上去吗？我自己抬不了。
Put up your hand if you know the answer. 知道答案就举手。
put up还可以表示“建造；搭起”。例如：
They are putting up several new buildings in our street. 他们正在我们这条街上建造新楼房。
Do you know how to put up a tent? 你知道怎么搭帐篷吗？
Let's put up a shed for the time being.
我们暂时先在这里搭一个棚子吧。
2.He lands on top of each house all over the world and climbs down the chimney.(Lesson 30)他降落在全世界每个家庭的房顶上，顺着烟囱爬下来。
land用做动词，意思是“降落；到达；靠岸”。例如：
All day and all night airplanes land at the airport. 飞机日夜在机场着陆。
The ship landed at noon. 那条船中午靠了岸。
land还可以表示“下车；从……下来”。例如：
The passengers landed this morning from the train. 今天早晨乘客下了火车。
Her mother was there when Esther landed from the airplane. 埃丝特下飞机时她妈妈已经在那里了。
land也可以表示“捉到；捞到”，相当于catch。例如：
My little brother landed a tiny fish. 我的小弟弟捞到一条鱼。
3.Father Christmas is based on a real person in history.(Lesson 30)圣诞老人（的来历）是基于历史上的真人真事。
base on意思是“以……（为）根据；基于”。例如：
That opera is based on an actual occurrence. 那部歌剧是以真实的事情为依据编写的。
I based my belief on this fact. 我的信念是以实际为基础。
Base your composition on your experience. 作文应根据你的经历来写。
His conclusion is based on practical experiences. 他的结论是基于实践的经验得出的。
4.Even though Father Christmas is no longer living, his spirit of generosity lives on today.(Lesson 30)即使圣诞老人已经不在人世了，他慷慨助人的精神却流传至今。
even though意思是“即使……”，充当连词连接让步状语从句。例如：
Even though he was very tired, he helped me with my work. 尽管他很累，可还是帮我干了活。
Even though it rains cats and dogs, I will go. 即使下大雨，我也要去。
Even though he was willing, I would not marry him. 即使他愿意，我也不会和他结婚的。
no longer意思是“不再”。例如：
No longer was television just a laboratory marvel. 电视已不再仅仅是实验室的奇迹了。
--Does he live here any longer? 他还在这儿住吗？
--No, he no longer lives here. 不，他已经不在这儿住了。
The shore was no longer in sight. 海岸再也看不见了。
live on意思是“继续存在；继续活着”，常用于一般时态。例如：
The baby lived on for a week after its mother died. 那个婴儿在他母亲死后又活了一个星期。
He is one hundred and two, but still he lives on. 他102岁了，但还活着。
He will die, but his fame will live on after him. 他总会死的，但他的声誉将永存下去。
This custom will live on for centuries. 这种习惯还将继续存在很多世纪。
5.Once upon a time,a man told people of the coming of a boy.(Lesson 32)从前，有一个人向人们讲述一个男孩即将降生的故事。
once upon a time意思是“从前；很早以前”，是讲故事常用的开头语。例如：
Once upon a time there lived a good, wise man in the village. 从前，村子里住着一个善良而又聪明的人。
Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess named Mary. 从前，有一个漂亮的公主，名字叫做玛丽。
6. At last, the owner of a house said they could stay in the barn. (Lesson 32)终于，有一家的主人说他们可以住在谷仓里。
at last意思是“终于；最后”。例如：
At last, the pilot made a perfect landing and we got out of the plane. 最后，驾驶员驾驶飞机安全着陆，我们下了飞机。
We reached London at last. 我们终于到达了伦敦。
At last he paid us the money he had owed. 他终于把欠我们的钱还了。
7.That night Mary gave birth to a very special boy.(Lesson 32)那天晚上，玛丽生下了一个很特殊的男孩。
give birth to意思是“生（孩子）”。例如：
My wife has just given birth to a boy. 我妻子刚刚生了个男孩。
give birth to还可以表示“产生”，常用于一般时态。例如：
Common struggle and common experience have given birth to common views and common language. 共同的斗争和共同的经历产生了共同的观点和共同的语言。
背景知识
Who Were the First Inhabitants of North America?
By Zhuang Xichang
The history of the American people began earlier than the arrival of European settlers .Native cultures existed in North America before Christopher Columbus “discovered the New World”in 1492.Scientific research tells us that the first Americans arrived in North America about 30,000 B.C.
Some evidence even suggests that this date might go back another five or ten thousand years.
Generally, anthropologists agree that the earliest inhabitants arrived in America by crossing a landbridge across the Bering Straits, which connected Siberia with Alaska. By 10,000 B. C., this landbridge disappeared as the great glaciers of the Ice Ages began to melt, raising the water level in the Bering Straits region by two or three hundred feet.
Most anthropologists agree that the first inhabitants were from Asia ,particularly from Northeast Asia. These early immigrants survived by hunting, fishing and other means of obtaining food and shelter in North America. Before long, these people started a long journey toward the south and the east. They finally reached the tip of South America and the east coast of North America. The journey lasted thousands of years.
These first inhabitants were incorrectly called Indians by the Europeans who explored America in the 15th century. Columbus assumed that the land he discovered in 1492 was India and its inhabitants were Indians of the Eastern Hemisphere .In fact, American Indians are different from the Indians who live in South Asia.
American Indians are generally considered descendants of an early Mongoloid population, who had straight hair, broad faces, and yellow skin. So“Indians”，as used to call natives of North America ,is a misnomer .Today, many American Indians prefer to call themselves Native Americans. Sometimes in the past they were called redmen or redskins. Actually their skin is not red .It is yellow or brown. They were called red, perhaps, because some of them liked to paint their bodies with red color.
By the time“the New World”was discoverd by the Europeans, American Indians occupied almost the entire land of North and South America. Estimates of the American Indian population in 1492 vary greatly. It is not easy to give an exact figure. A reasonable estimate is about 9 million. According to the most liberal estimate, the entire North America(today's United States and Canada) had no more than 1.5 million American Indians in the 15th century. More than half of the total American Indian population was concentrated in the regions of present-day Mexico-Guatemala and Peru-Bolivia. They were divided into many tribes, and each tribe had its own culture and language.
There are now approximately 900,000 Indians in the United States, and about half of them live on reservations. The country has 285 federal and state reservations, most of which lie west of the Mississippi River.
During the late 1960's,some Indiantribes began to urge the Indian people to be more forceful in seeking their economic and political rights. This movement became known as the Indian Power Movement. The movement declared that Indians continued to suffer from injustices both on reservations and in cities.
From February 7 to May 8,1973,several hundred Indian Movement followers besieged the village of Wounded Knee, South Dakota ,where more than 200 Indians of the Sioux Tribe were slain by the U.S Army 83 years before. The action was to call public attention to the Indian's complaints. They demanded the return of a certain amount of land taken from them by violation of treaties and agreements. During the late 1970's several Indian tribes launched legal battles to recover the land taken by white settlers centuries ago. |
